Sonia Gandhi is an Indian politician of Italian descent. By way of her marriage to Rajiv Gandhi, she is a member of the Nehru–Gandhi family. She was a former president of the Congress party. In 1998, she took over as the party leader and remained in office for a record nineteen years. Under her leadership, the party formed the government post the 2004 elections. She has since been credited for being instrumental in formulating the United Progressive Alliance (UPA). After the 2004 victory, Gandhi declined the premiership and instead led the ruling alliance and the National Advisory Council. In 2009, UPA was re-elected to power. Her foreign birth has been a subject of much debate and controversy. In December 2017, she stepped down as the Congress president. Sonia Gandhi has been widely described as one of the most powerful politicians in the country. She is also listed among the most powerful women in the world. Early life: She was born in a small village near Vicenza, Italy and was raised in a Roman Catholic Christian family. For higher education, she moved to Cambridge and in 1968, married Rajiv Gandhi. After marriage, she took up Indian citizenship and began living in India. Following her husband's assassination, she finally agreed to join politics in 1997.