The return to school after the summer holidays and the onset of the monsoon season typically mark the beginning of the new academic session. It is both an exciting and worrying period, as this is the time when coughs, colds, fever and stomach infections begin spreading among children.
As Dr Nehal Shah, Consultant in Paediatric Medicine at Narayana Health SRCC Children's Hospital, says, this is commonly known as the "school reopening effect", where humid weather conditions and crowded classrooms lead to the rapid spread of infections among children.
Why the 'school reopening effect' happens
Dr Shah explains that children spend their summer holidays largely within the safety of their homes. Once schools reopen, they suddenly begin interacting closely with dozens of classmates. "They share classrooms, benches, books, stationery and sports equipment. This close contact allows viruses and bacteria to spread rapidly through respiratory droplets and contaminated surfaces," says Dr Shah.
The monsoon season makes the situation even more challenging. High humidity allows some viruses to survive longer on surfaces, while moisture in the air keeps droplets released through coughing or sneezing suspended for longer. Stagnant rainwater around schools also creates breeding grounds for mosquitoes that spread diseases.
Common illnesses during the monsoon
According to Dr Shah, several illnesses become more common after schools reopen.
Respiratory infections such as the common cold, cough, viral fever and bronchitis spread easily among children sharing enclosed classrooms.
Gastrointestinal infections are another concern. Contaminated food or drinking water can increase the risk of diarrhoea, rotavirus infections and bacterial stomach illnesses.
What increases the risk?
Dr Shah says multiple factors contribute to this seasonal rise in infections.
During the holidays, children's immune systems are exposed to fewer germs. Once school resumes, they suddenly encounter a wide range of viruses and bacteria, making them more vulnerable to falling ill.
Poor hygiene can further increase transmission.
"Proper handwashing should include cleaning the wrists, between the fingers and under the fingernails," advises Dr Shah.
He also points out that disrupted sleep schedules, unhealthy holiday eating habits and inadequate nutrition can weaken a child's natural immunity, making it harder to fight infections.
How parents can keep children healthy
Dr Shah recommends that parents focus on prevention rather than treatment.
Teach children to wash their hands thoroughly with soap for at least 20 seconds, especially after using the toilet, before meals and after returning home from school.
They should also learn proper respiratory etiquette by covering their mouth and nose with a tissue or their elbow while coughing or sneezing.
"If your child is unwell, keep them at home. Sending a sick child to school only increases the spread of infections among classmates and teachers," he says.
Schools also play an important role
According to Dr Shah, schools share equal responsibility in preventing outbreaks.
Regular cleaning of classrooms, desks, door handles, washrooms and drinking water facilities can significantly reduce the spread of germs.
Awareness sessions in schools can also help children understand the importance of maintaining good hygiene during the monsoon.
Building immunity through good health practices
As recommended by Dr Shah, parents should provide their children with a diet that includes plenty of vegetables, seasonal fruits and other nutrient-rich foods. Adequate intake of clean drinking water should also be maintained.
Adequate sleep is important as it allows the body to recover and strengthen its immune system.
It is also important for parents to ensure that all their child's vaccinations are up to date.
Do not ignore the warning signs
While most seasonal infections are usually mild, Dr Shah suggests consulting a doctor if a child develops a persistent fever, breathing difficulties or severe stomach pain.
"Do not wait for symptoms to worsen. Early medical advice can help children recover faster and prevent complications," he says.
The increase in infections after schools reopen during the monsoon is a predictable seasonal pattern, but it is also one that can be managed.
Disclaimer: Tips and suggestions mentioned in the article are for general information purposes only and should not be construed as professional medical advice.
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