It is quite normal to feel dizzy now and then due to missing a meal or getting up abruptly. However, recurring fainting spells or blackouts can sometimes suggest an issue other than dehydration or weakness.
As per Dr Apurva Sharma, Consultant – Neurology, Manipal Hospital, Gurugram, recurrent fainting attacks must never be taken lightly, as they could be symptoms of an underlying neurological or cardiac condition requiring medical attention.
Why do individuals faint?
Fainting is another name for a blackout or temporary loss of consciousness caused by insufficient blood flow or oxygen to the brain. Although occasional fainting attacks are usually caused by fatigue, dehydration, stress or hypoglycaemia, recurring fainting episodes can sometimes be related to an irregular heartbeat or reduced blood flow to the brain.
"Repeated episodes of losing consciousness should never be overlooked, as they may sometimes indicate an underlying neurological or heart-related condition requiring urgent medical attention," says Dr Sharma.
Warning signs that you must never overlook
Dr Sharma suggests that if any of the following symptoms occur along with fainting, a medical evaluation is recommended:
- Frequent fainting for no apparent reason
- Unexplained sudden loss of consciousness
- Jerking movements during a fainting episode
- Confusion after regaining consciousness
- Severe fatigue after a fainting episode
- Heart palpitations or chest pain
- Loss of bladder control
- Fainting while exercising
- Sudden, unexpected falls
- Brief staring spells or memory lapses
What does it mean to ignore repeated blackouts?
While frequent fainting can be distressing, it may increase the risk of injuries, fractures, road accidents and delayed diagnosis of a serious medical condition.
Some of the tests used to determine the cause of fainting include:
- Blood pressure monitoring
- ECG/heart evaluation
- Brain scans
- EEG to detect seizures
- Blood tests
Dr Sharma also says that the earlier the problem is detected, the better the prognosis.
It is also worth mentioning that in cases of epilepsy where seizures remain uncontrolled despite medication, Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) may be offered to selected patients.
What should one do when someone loses consciousness?
Proper knowledge of what to do can help ensure the person's safety until medical assistance arrives.
As per Dr Sharma, one should:
- Help the person lie flat on the ground so proper blood flow reaches the brain.
- Loosen tight clothing, including ties, to make breathing easier.
- Do not give food or water until the person regains consciousness to avoid the risk of choking.
- Consult a doctor if the fainting episodes occur repeatedly or unexpectedly.
- Watch for symptoms such as prolonged confusion, chest pain or a rapid heartbeat even after the person regains consciousness.
Repeated fainting is often perceived as being related to fatigue, poor eating habits or stress. However, as per Dr Sharma, it may also indicate the presence of an underlying neurological or heart condition.
Disclaimer: Tips and suggestions mentioned in the article are for general information purposes only and should not be construed as professional medical advice.
Also read: Sudden fainting in winter: Red flags doctors warn about
