Types and treatment of thyroid
Initiated by Thyroid Federation International (TFI), World Thyroid Day is observed every year on May 25 to raise global awareness among people having thyroid disease and its treatment. Endorsed by the European Thyroid Association (ETA), the American Thyroid Association (ATA) among other international societies, the global health campaign aims to educate people on how they can control it with some changes in their lifestyle.
Thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland which is situated below the Adam's apple wrapped around the windpipe. It uses iodine to produce important hormones. One of the endocrine glands, thyroid secretes two hormones into the bloodstream- thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These two hormones are important for the functioning of the body. They control metabolic rate, heart and digestive system among others.
Thyroid disorder is commonly found among women. It can be caused by family predisposition, chronic stress, viral inflammation as well as autoimmune diseases. There are mainly two types of thyroid- hyperthyroidism (too much production of hormone) or hypothyroidism (too little).
Hyperthyroidism occurs when the gland produces more hormones than required. Its symptoms include weight loss, heat intolerance, infertility, hair loss, anxiety, sore eyes among others.
Hypothyroidism is the most common one and it occurs when the gland is not able to secrete enough hormones. Its symptoms include tiredness, feeling cold, weight gain, poor concentration and memory, depression, hair loss, etc.
Treatment And Prevention- Thyroid can be treated with daily medications or other options like radioiodine therapy or thyroid surgery. In order to prevent thyroid, one needs to bring changes in lifestyle such as making healthier choices. Eat iodine-rich food and say complete no to junk and oily foods. Get regular health check-ups. Also, exercise regularly besides walking for around 30 minutes. Above all drink plenty of water and avoid smoking and drinking.
