The rate is double that for Spaniards under the age of 25, many of whom have emigrated elsewhere in Europe and to Latin America for jobs.
"It's almost like all of what we won before was a dream," said Beatriz Corral, who came to Rio from Madrid to cheer for Spain. "The only happiness we've had in recent years has been football. Now the crisis is complete. We don't have bread or the circus."
Spaniard Ana Peralta gave credit to Chile for playing extremely well but said the result made it clear that Spain's team "needs to be renewed" with fresh talent. Sixteen players on the 23-member squad also played during the 2010 World Cup.
"Chile played very strongly and aggressively and just didn't give away any opportunities," she said.
In the Madrid suburb of Pozuelo de Alarcon, fans who watched the game inside a bar moved outside to a terrace and glumly sipped beer as they talked about what went wrong with their team.
"I feel terrible and deceived because we had all the hope in the world of defending the title and we ended up so far away from that," said Susana Lopez.
Abidio Augusto concluded that Spain's performance was a bad joke.
"It's ridiculous what we've done. Our team was moving like they were tired, with no desire to win," he said. "It's just real bad."
David Bollon said he was furious with del Bosque, blaming him for shaming Spain with the losses so early into the World Cup.
"He didn't have the courage to put in young players who are hungry," Bollon said.
In Madrid, university student Celia Lopez also took out her anger on Spain's coach, saying he took "players who did not do anything in the season but are in Brazil because of their (famous) names with no illusion or desire."
"You can't go to a World Cup under these conditions," she said.
